Not every temperature-sensitive shipment needs a reefer — and not every reefer quote is the right one. Here's how to match your cargo to the right equipment.
Trailer selection is one of the most consequential decisions in freight planning — and one of the most commonly made by default rather than by design. Many shippers book a reefer out of habit for anything temperature-sensitive, while others try to save money on dry van for freight that genuinely requires temperature control. Neither approach serves your product or your budget well.
When a Dry Van Is Sufficient
Dry vans are enclosed trailers without active temperature control. They maintain ambient temperature, which means they provide some protection from direct weather exposure but will track outside temperatures over time — warming in summer, cooling in winter. Dry van is appropriate for shelf-stable packaged goods, non-perishable food, general merchandise, and any freight without a specific temperature requirement.
When a Reefer Is Required
A refrigerated trailer (reefer) actively maintains a set temperature range regardless of outside conditions. It's required for fresh produce, pharmaceuticals with temperature specifications, frozen goods, floral products, certain cannabis products, and any freight where a temperature deviation would result in product loss, spoilage, or regulatory non-compliance.
The Grey Zone: Protect from Freeze
Canadian winters create a specific scenario: freight that doesn't need refrigeration but must be protected from freezing temperatures. Beer, wine, paint, certain food products, and electronics can all be damaged by freeze exposure during winter transit. For these shipments, a heated trailer or a reefer set to a minimum temperature provides the protection needed without over-conditioning the cargo.
Cost Implications
- Dry van rates are typically 15–25% lower than equivalent reefer loads
- Reefer capacity is tighter on many lanes, particularly in harvest season
- Running a reefer at ambient (turned off) provides no temperature protection and wastes the equipment premium
- Specifying the correct temperature set point on booking avoids disputes at delivery
OTR Logistics Solutions can help you select the right equipment for your freight and temperature requirements. Our carrier network includes reefer, dry van, heated, and multi-temp options across Canada and into the US.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the main difference between a reefer and a dry van trailer?
A reefer is a refrigerated trailer with an active temperature-control unit that maintains a set temperature regardless of outside conditions. A dry van is an unrefrigerated enclosed trailer that tracks ambient temperature — warming in summer, cooling in winter.
Is a reefer required for protect-from-freeze freight in Canadian winter?
Dry van is not appropriate for protect-from-freeze freight in Canadian winter. A reefer set to a minimum positive temperature or a heated trailer is the correct choice. Running a reefer at ambient (unit off) provides no active temperature protection.
Why does reefer freight typically cost more than dry van?
Reefer trailers are more expensive to purchase and operate, with additional fuel costs for the refrigeration unit. Reefer capacity is also structurally tighter on many lanes during harvest season. These factors combine to produce a 15–30% rate premium over comparable dry van loads.
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